![]() Eggs are laid beginning in April with the majority from mid-May until the mid-July. These hummingbirds are considered polygynous. These actions continue throughout the breeding season. After the initial attraction, mating ensues on the ground. Males dive in a “J” motion to attract females. Rufous hummingbirds have a breeding season from April to July. Average basal metabolic rate 0.06853 W AnAge.Average basal metabolic rate 0.0685 W cm3.O2/g/hr.Males' tails show metallic spotting with hints of bronze and green.īasal metabolic rate has been reported as 0.0685 W, or 0.018034 W/g. Feathers become larger in number on the entirety of the bird. Subadult hummingbirds become more rusty red in color, especially near the posterior end of the bird. Females’ bodies have more hints of purple than males. The face and throat appear more bright red in males and bronze-green in females. The bronze-green feather color is a theme for most of the body in adults. This appears duller in females than males. In adults, the top of the head down to the nape of the neck is metallic bronze-green. The females’ throat appear wider than those of males. The females’ throat appear to have more bronze spotting and the males’ throat appear orange. The head begins to appear more red or burnt orange in color. As they grow from hatchlings to nearly a month old, the feathers of the throat region begin to get green with bronze spotting. Young birds start with darker skin without feathers, but have grey striping down either side of the back. Rufous hummingbirds have black bills that become smoother in adults. Males appear to be more colorful than females. They can have spots of color, but overall are dull in appearance. There are insufficient data on birth size of these hummingbirds. On average, they are 9.5 cm long with a wingspan of 11.4 cm. Rufous hummingbirds weigh 2.6-5.7 g (average 3.4 g). ( Calder, 1984 Healy and Calder, 2006 Tello-Ramos, et al., 2015) Because these areas are more desert-like, they are dryer and therefore do not provide adequate food supply. In their migratory journey, these hummingbirds spend most of their time in the southwest of the US. Throughout their range, rufous hummingbirds live at elevations of 1830m to 3000m. The urban areas of Washington state and British Columbia offer include suitable habitats at high elevations and seasonally cool environments.ĭuring the winter, rufous hummingbirds migrate to warmer locales in Mexico’s and southern California’s mountainous and woodland regions. Typical areas for these hummingbirds are plentiful with an abundance of green plants. In the breeding season, rufous hummingbirds inhabit terrestrial habitats such as meadows, parks, orchards, coniferous forests, chaparral and gardens. ( Healy and Calder, 2006 Supp, et al., 2015) By March, they travel northward along the coast of California to reach Washington again by the end of April. These birds remain there until late February or early March. This range is roughly 200 km along the Pacific northwestern coast of North America.ĭuring winter migration (July-early September), the hummingbirds travel southward through the western US to reach southern California and nearly all Mexico (except the southern peninsula). The hummingbirds’ range includes Washington state in the United States northward to British Columbia, Canada. The breeding season lasts from April to July. Rufous hummingbirds travel in a loop pattern when migrating, rather than a linear pathway. Migratory distances average 2,700 km, but can be as long as 4,000 km. Rufous hummingbirds ( Selasphorus rufus) are migratory birds that inhabit the Nearctic region.
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